Al-Idah

Ithāf Fuḍalāʾ al-Bashar bi-Qirāʾāt al-Arbaʿata ʿAshar by Imām Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Bannā al-Dimyāṭī (d. 1117 AH): A Descriptive Study of Its Manuscript and Printed Versions

Abd al-Raḥmān ibn Saʿd ibn ʿĀyiḍ al-Juhanī — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

The book Ithāf Fuḍalāʾ al-Bashar bi-Qirāʾāt al-Arbaʿata ʿAshar by Imām Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Bannā al-Dimyāṭī (d. 1117 AH) occupies a prominent position in the field of Qurʾānic readings (Qirāʾāt), particularly among later scholars. Its scholarly significance is reflected in the wide dissemination of its manuscript copies, preserved in libraries across more than twenty countries, as well as in its early and repeated publication following the emergence of printing.

This study aims to examine the textual transmission of the work through a descriptive analysis of the available manuscript copies and a critical evaluation of its printed editions. By surveying these materials, the research highlights variations, editorial shortcomings, and methodological issues present in the existing prints. The study argues that the currently available editions do not fully meet the standards of rigorous textual verification and scholarly editing. It concludes by emphasizing the need for a new critical edition based on sound academic principles and encourages further specialized studies to enhance the academic utilization of this important work.

The Evidentiary Methodology of Shaykh Muḥammad al-Amīn al-Shinqīṭī in His Juristic Selections in Aḍwā’ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān bil-Qur’ān

Safi Ullah Wakeel — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

This study examines the methodological approach of the renowned scholar Shaykh Muḥammad al-Amīn al-Shinqīṭī in deriving his legal opinions in his celebrated work Aḍwā’ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān bil-Qur’ān. The research highlights the precision, consistency, and textual rigor that characterize his jurisprudential reasoning. Al-Shinqīṭī relied primarily on transmitted evidences—Qur’anic verses, prophetic traditions, consensus, the statements of the Companions, and the laws of previous nations—while organizing his arguments with remarkable clarity and strong adherence to the principles of Uṣūl al-Fiqh. He further employed rational proofs such as analogical reasoning (qiyās), presumption of continuity (istiṣḥāb), and inductive reasoning (istiqrāʼ) to reinforce his conclusions. The study demonstrates that his methodology is deeply rooted in classical scholarship, distinguished by systematic reasoning, careful identification of the point of contention, and a strong commitment to textual evidence. His approach represents a significant model for contemporary jurisprudential studies, illustrating how traditional principles can be applied with intellectual depth and analytical balance.

The Utilization of Artificial Intelligence in the Service of the Noble Qurʾān and Its Sciences

Rinda ʿAbd al-Raʾūf ʿAlī Ḥamad — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

This study examines the potential utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in the service of the Noble Qurʾān and its sciences, with particular emphasis on the field of Qurʾānic exegesis (tafsīr). In light of the rapid development of AI technologies, the research seeks to explore how these tools may be effectively integrated into Qurʾānic studies while maintaining scholarly rigor and methodological integrity. The study is structured into a preliminary section defining key concepts—artificial intelligence, the Qurʾān and its sciences, and tafsīr—followed by two main sections. The first analyzes the utilization of AI in the broader domain of Qurʾānic sciences, whereas the second focuses specifically on its application in various exegetical approaches.The study concludes that artificial intelligence can offer significant support to Qurʾānic scholarship by enhancing research efficiency, organization, and accessibility, provided its use is governed by clear academic and ethical guidelines. Chief among these is the requirement that all AI-generated or AI-assisted content related to tafsīr and Qurʾānic sciences be supervised, verified, and curated by qualified scholars with recognized expertise. Such oversight is essential to safeguard the accuracy, authenticity, and sanctity of Qurʾānic knowledge.

The Omission of Letters and Its Impact on Guiding the Interpretive Meaning of Qurʾānic Readings

Duha ʿAbd Dhiyāb, Lamīs ʿAbdullāh Khalīl — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

This study investigates the phenomenon of letter omission (ḥadhf al-ḥurūf) in Qurʾānic readings and its role in directing interpretive meanings and generating multiple semantic nuances. The research demonstrates that such omissions are not merely phonetic or lexical variations but constitute a rhetorical device that enriches exegesis and deepens semantic understanding. The study further highlights the diversity of scholarly positions regarding this phenomenon, ranging from preference and explanation to defense, reflecting the nuanced approaches of classical commentators.

The analysis concludes that the omission of letters serves as evidence of the Qurʾān’s linguistic and rhetorical inimitability (iʿjāz), illustrating its semantic breadth and depth. By examining the implications of these variations in recitation, the study underscores their significant contribution to both the sciences of Qurʾānic readings (Qirāʾāt) and exegetical interpretation (tafsīr), demonstrating the intricate interplay between phonetic features and meaning in the Qurʾānic text.

The Use of Mind Maps in the Study of the Prophetic Tradition (Sunnah) and Its Sciences

ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Ḥājī, — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

This article highlights the effectiveness of mind maps as a modern educational tool in the study of the Prophetic tradition (Sunnah) and the sciences of ḥadīth, emphasizing their capacity to organize, simplify, and analyze scholarly content. The article discusses the concept and historical development of mind maps, their mechanisms of use, and their applications across various disciplines of ḥadīth studies, including ḥadīth terminology, criticism and authentication (jarḥ wa taʿdīl), classification of ḥadīth, and citation (takhrīj). Practical examples are presented to illustrate how mind maps can represent ḥadīth-related topics, elucidating conceptual relationships, linking texts to their narrators, and simplifying complex ideas.

The study concludes that mind maps are highly effective in modern education, offering significant benefits in enhancing comprehension, improving memory retention, and fostering analytical thinking among students. The article recommends integrating this tool into curricula for Sunnah and ḥadīth studies, encouraging instructors and researchers to employ it, and conducting empirical studies to assess its impact on academic achievement and the quality of learning.

The Principle of Maslahah in Public Finance Abu Ubaid’s thought in Comparative Perspective with afghan Financial Laws

Qarib ur Rahman, Attaullah Faizi — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

This research paper examines the role of the principle of maslahah (public interest) in public finance through a comparative study of the financial thought of Imam Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim ibn Sallām in his work al-Amwāl and contemporary applications in Afghan financial legislation. The study reveals that public interest constitutes a fundamental objective of Islamic law and provides a framework for designing financial policies aimed at justice and social solidarity.

A comparison with Afghan financial laws demonstrates both convergence and divergence between traditional juristic principles and modern legal provisions, despite the influence of Islamic legal norms on Afghan legislation. The findings indicate that Abu Ubaid’s conceptual framework remains applicable to contemporary financial systems, highlighting the adaptability of Shariah in accommodating modern developments. This study contributes significantly to Islamic financial jurisprudence and public law, offering a methodological framework for researchers and practical recommendations to enhance future financial policy formulation.

The Policies of ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān and Their Political Implications

Anass Bousselam — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

This study examines the policies of Caliph ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān within the historical context of his accession to the caliphate and the subsequent political developments. The research analyzes his governance strategies and administrative decisions, exploring their impact on the socio-political landscape of the early Islamic state. Furthermore, the study investigates the events of the revolution and opposition against him, providing a critical reading of the circumstances that led to unrest. The research concludes by addressing the controversial question of whether the Great Fitnah (civil strife) was orchestrated by external actors, such as Jews and hypocrites, or whether it stemmed from internal political tensions.

Intellectual and Cultural Communication of Ancient Iraqi Civilizations in the Arab and Islamic Society: A Study of Some Religious Phenomena Dating Back to 7000 BCE

Muḥammad Jāsim Shaʿbān al-ʿĀnī — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

It is undeniable that any contemporary cultural phenomenon is an inseparable part of its historical roots. To understand the current reality of such a phenomenon, one must look beyond the historical horizon to trace its origins, motivations, and the factors that ensured its continuity or integration into society. This study investigates questions such as: Why were the inhabitants of Mesopotamia distributed between rural settlements and urban centers? How did these patterns evolve over time, influencing human relations, social gatherings, governance, and legal systems? How did the image of the ruler and the concept of authority emerge, and what were the foundations of leadership and decision-making?

The research also examines the origins and development of urbanization, its trajectory, and the emergence of religious phenomena, which eventually shaped the divine laws governing human life and interactions. Furthermore, it explores the establishment of sacred spaces, ritual practices, and the conceptualization of a singular Creator, highlighting the cultural and religious continuity that spans all scriptures. These phenomena, originating in Mesopotamia around 7000 BCE, have persisted to the present, reflecting a dynamic and active continuity between ancient civilizations and contemporary cultural life.

Devising Parameters based on Blended Model of Translation Assessment for Urdu Quran Translation

Nargis Nazir, Shair Ali Khan — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

Evaluation of translation is a real time challenge in the current emerging trends of translation, neologism and semantic vastness in more than seven thousand languages. The quality in various translation types is the only key to success. Therefore, it is still an open area of research to find out parameters for assessment of various types of translation applied in various types of texts. A large number of scholars devised models and parameters such as Kathrine Reiss, Koller (1974), Wills (1974), Van den Broeck (1985,1986) Model, Amman (1990), Jacqueline D’Hulst Model (1997) , Robert Larose (1998), Functionalist Model, Jamal Al-Qinai (2000), Malcolm Williams, (2004), Quality Assessment Model of Juliane House, Shah Waliullah Dihlawi Model (1728 AD). The Research study aims at devising parameters for Urdu Quran Translation by studying all these models to find out the best parameters for the Word of God. The Word of God is the most sensitive text in the world the only one in its original divine language. To convey the true essences and sense of the Words of God is the challenge the real time translators are facing. The study interviewed the alive Quran translators and compared their applied parameters with the models mentioned above.

The Emergence and Evolutionary Background of Makran and the Zikri Sect in the 15th Century

Syed Naeem Badshah , Mehmet Ümit, Dogan Kaplan — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0500

This study examines the historical evolution of the Zikri sect in Makran during the 15th century, tracing its roots to Syed Muhammad Jaunpuri’s Mahdavi movement. It explores how Mahdavi teachings, brought by preachers such as Mulla Usman bin Qasim Makrani, Sheikh Jalal Herati, and Qazi Nasiruddin, merged with local Baloch Sufi traditions, giving rise to a distinct spiritual identity centered on “Zikr”the collective remembrance of God.

By the 17th century, the movement evolved into an organized religious community with established rituals, leadership (Khalifahs), and sacred centers like KohiMurad near Turbat. During the British colonial period, the Zikris were recognized as a distinct religious community known for their discipline and peaceful coexistence.

The research concludes that the Zikri faith represents a synthesis of Mahdavi reformism, Baloch mysticism, and tribal egalitarianism, forming a unique socioreligious tradition that continues to influence Makran’s cultural identity. The study draws on works by Rizvi (1983), Tate (1910), Hughes (1885), Inayatullah Baloch (1987), and the Encyclopaedia of Islam (2002).